Corticosteroids are useful in the treatment of which of the following disorders?

Corticosteroids are powerful anti-inflammatory agents commonly used in the management of a variety of conditions characterized by inflammation and immune response disruptions. In the case of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes conditions like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, corticosteroids can help reduce inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract, alleviating symptoms and inducing remission during flare-ups. They act by inhibiting the migration of white blood cells to inflamed sites and suppressing the immune response, thereby mitigating the acute inflammatory processes involved in these disorders.

Cushing syndrome is caused by an excess of corticosteroids in the body, usually due to overproduction by the adrenal glands or external administration of corticosteroids, making their use in this condition counterproductive. Diabetes management typically involves insulin or other antidiabetic medications but does not utilize corticosteroids due to their potential to induce hyperglycemia. Likewise, while high blood pressure can stem from various factors, corticosteroids can lead to fluid retention and increased blood pressure, complicating management rather than providing therapeutic benefits. Thus, the use of corticosteroids is specifically valuable in the context of inflammatory bowel disease, where their anti-inflammatory properties can be markedly beneficial.