In a patient with bronchoconstriction, what effect does the activation of β2 receptors produce?

The activation of β2 adrenergic receptors plays a crucial role in the respiratory system, particularly in patients experiencing bronchoconstriction. When these receptors are stimulated, they lead to bronchodilation, which is the relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle. This physiological response results in the widening of the airways, allowing for increased airflow to the lungs.

In the context of bronchoconstriction, which often occurs in conditions such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the activation of β2 receptors counteracts the constriction and significantly improves respiratory function. This is why medications that target these receptors, known as β2 agonists, are commonly used in the management of such conditions.

While it’s true that the activation of β2 receptors can induce vasodilation in some vascular beds, enhance heart rate through other pathways, or participate in other functions, the most relevant and direct effect in the context of bronchoconstriction is bronchodilation. This specificity highlights the importance of β2 receptor activation in addressing airway obstruction effectively.