What additional medication is required when administering antithymocyte globulin for acute rejection?

When administering antithymocyte globulin (ATG) for acute rejection, it is important to provide supportive medications to mitigate potential infusion-related reactions. Antithymocyte globulin is an immune modulator used in transplant patients to prevent acute rejection by inducing lymphocyte depletion. However, its administration can lead to several side effects, including fever, chills, and hypotension.

To counter these effects, diphenhydramine is commonly used as an antihistamine to prevent hypersensitivity reactions and alleviate discomfort such as itching and rash. Acetaminophen is administered to reduce fever that may occur during the infusion. Corticosteroids are often included in the regimen to help reduce the inflammatory response and further help to prevent adverse reactions associated with the use of ATG.

This combination—the use of diphenhydramine, acetaminophen, and corticosteroids—addresses both the allergic potential of the drug and the potential for fever and inflammation, making it necessary for patient safety and comfort during medication administration.