What statement correctly differentiates between induction and maintenance immunosuppression?

Induction immunosuppression (IS) and maintenance immunosuppression serve distinct purposes in the management of transplant recipients. Induction IS is typically more intense and aggressive, aimed at providing an immediate and strong suppression of the immune response right after a transplant. This is crucial because the early post-transplant period is when the risk of acute rejection is highest. By employing potent agents—often including high-dose corticosteroids or lymphocyte-depleting therapies—induction IS is designed to rapidly establish an immunosuppressive state to prevent rejection.

In contrast, maintenance IS involves a less intense regimen that is sustained over time to keep the immune system in check. Its goal is to prevent chronic rejection while minimizing the side effects and risks associated with prolonged immunosuppression. This phase focuses on balancing efficacy and safety, often using lower doses or different classes of medications.

The intensity and the focus on preventing acute rejection during the early phase fundamentally differentiate induction from maintenance immunosuppression, making the correct choice highlight that induction IS is more intensive than its maintenance counterpart.