Which statement regarding the adverse effects of opioid therapy is true?

The statement that the risk of respiratory depression is highest during opioid initiation or a dose increase is true because during these periods, patients may not have fully developed tolerance to the central nervous system effects of opioids. When initiating therapy or increasing the dosage, it is critical to monitor patients closely as they may experience exaggerated respiratory depression, especially if they're opioid-naive or have not previously taken similar medications.

This risk diminishes as the patient develops tolerance over time with continued use. Understanding this aspect is vital for healthcare professionals in order to prevent potentially life-threatening complications. Monitoring and adjusting dosages carefully during these times is crucial to ensure patient safety.

In contrast, opioid-induced constipation can occur at any point during treatment, not just at initiation, making it a chronic issue for many patients on long-term opioid therapy. The incidence of nausea and sedation typically stabilizes after the initial phase of treatment rather than increasing with prolonged use. Lastly, decreased testosterone levels are most often associated with long-term opioid therapy, rather than short-term usage. Therefore, the first statement accurately reflects the risks associated with opioid therapy.